On the other hand, a shell is a structure of any geometric form where the length and the width are of the same order of magnitude but the thickness of the structure (known as the 'wall') is considerably smaller. For example, a closet rod sagging under the weight of clothes on clothes hangers is an example of a beam experiencing bending. When the length is considerably longer than the width and the thickness, the element is called a beam. The structural element is assumed to be such that at least one of its dimensions is a small fraction, typically 1/10 or less, of the other two. In applied mechanics, bending (also known as flexure) characterizes the behavior of a slender structural element subjected to an external load applied perpendicularly to a longitudinal axis of the element.
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